MEDICAL ALLOYS
17-4PH
UNS S17400, EN 1.4542; AMS 5643, 5604; ASTM A693, F899
Precipitation hardening stainless. It is soft and ductile in the solution annealed condition, and is capable of high properties with a single precipitation or aging treatment. It has good corrosion resistance, a high level of hardness, toughness, and strength. Used in the medical industry, commercial aircraft and gas turbines, nuclear reactor, paper mill, oil field, and chemical process components.
17-7PH
UNS S17700, EN 1.4568; AMS 5528, 5529, 5644, 5678; ASTM A313, A693
Precipitation hardening stainless. Can reach very high strength and hardness without losing corrosion resistance. Surface scaling and distortion in heat treatment is eliminated by its ability to be treated at very low temperatures. As annealed, it has excellent ductility and machinability; and keeps remarkable mechanical and physical properties at high temperatures. Used for applications requiring high strength, good corrosion resistance, and good mechanical properties at elevated temperatures (surgical instruments, springs, bearings, and commercial aircraft panels).
22-13-5 Stainless
UNS S20910; AMS 5764; ASTM A276
Nitrogen-strengthened, austenitic stainless. It is produced by the electro-slag remelting (ESR) and has better corrosion resistance than 316, with double the yield strength. Used in medical implant devices.
Alloy 108
UNS S29108; AMS 2630; ASTM F2229
Nickel-free austenitic stainless alloy. It contains a high nitrogen content to maintain its austenitic structure, and has improved levels of tensile and fatigue strength, as compared to other nickel-containing medical alloys. It is produced by the electro-slag remelting (ESR) process to assure its microstructural integrity and cleanness, plus it is non-magnetic and essentially free of ferrite phase. Used for implantable orthopedic applications such as bone plates, bone screws, spinal fixation components, hip and knee components, hypoallergenic jewelry, orthodontic appliances, and other medical components and instruments fabricated by forging and machining.
CCM Alloy®
UNS R31537; ASTM F1537
Non-magnetic cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy exhibiting high strength, corrosion resistance, and wear resistance. It is produced by vacuum induction melting (VIM) followed by electro-slag remelting (ESR). The finished mill product is supplied in the annealed, hot worked, or warm worked condition. Used for machining and forging stock in the orthopedic implant industry for joint replacement and fracture fixation devices such as total hip, knee, and shoulder replacements.
316LS®
UNS S31673, EN 1.4441; ASTM F138, F139
Stainless steel that is an electro-slag remelted (ESR) or vacuum arc remelted (VAR), low carbon, high nickel and molybdenum version of 316 stainless. The secondary melting step (ESR or VAR) imparts improved cleanliness. The chemistry modifications are designed to maximize the corrosion resistance and provide a ferrite free microstructure. It is nonmagnetic even after severe cold forming operations. It has found application in fracture fixation devices such as bone plates, screws, and intramedullary nails. It has also been used as machining and forging stock for producing surgical implant devices; and for surgical instruments where high hardness is not a requirement.
420
UNS S42000, EN 1.4021; AMS 5506, 5621; ASTM A276, A484; QQS 763
High carbon content version of 410 stainless. Corrosion resistance is similar, but it has increased strength and hardness. It achieves its best corrosion resistance when it is hardened and polished, or surface ground. Used for bearings, cutlery, fasteners, turbine blades, tools, valves, and surgical instruments.
TrimRite® Stainless
UNS S42010; ASTM A276
Hardenable martensitic stainless steel that provides a moderately high level of corrosion resistance, hardness up to Rockwell C 51, good cold formability and ease of heat treatment. Used for many applications such as fasteners, especially self-drilling types, cutlery, food processing equipment, valve parts, gauges, guides, shafting, conveyor chain and instruments. It is also used in medical and surgical applications for cutting and scraping tools.
440A
UNS S44002, EN 1.4109; AMS 5631; ASTM A276, A484, F899; QQS 763
High-carbon, high-chromium, martensitic stainless. It is designed to provide excellent hardness. It has moderate corrosion resistance as annealed, which can be used in mild environments. In some respects it acts similarly to tool steels. It attains maximum toughness when heat treated. Used for pivot pins, dental and surgical instruments, cutlery, and valve parts.
440C
UNS S44004, 1.4125; AMS 5618, 5630, 5880; ASTM A276, A484; QQS 763
High carbon martensitic grade stainless. It has moderate corrosion resistance, good strength, and the ability to obtain and hold excellent hardness (Rc 60) and wear resistance. It is considered to be slightly cold workable and does respond to heat treatment. Used for ball bearings, knives, nozzles, mold inserts, surgical tools, and valves.
Custom 455®
UNS S45500; AMS 5617, 5860; ASTM A564, A693, F899
Martensitic age-hardenable stainless steel. It is relatively soft and formable in the annealed condition. A single-step aging treatment develops exceptionally high yield strength with good ductility and toughness. It can be machined in the annealed condition, and welded in much the same manner as other PH stainless steels. Because of its low work-hardening rate, it can be extensively cold formed. It should be considered where simplicity of heat treatment, ease of fabrication, high strength, and corrosion resistance are required in combination.
Custom 465®
UNS S46500, EN 1.6414; AMS 5963; ASTM A564, A693, F899
A premium melted, martensitic, age-hardenable alloy capable of ultimate tensile strength in excess of 1723 MPa in the overaged (H950) condition. It was designed to have excellent notch tensile strength and fracture toughness in this condition. Overaging to the H1000 condition provides a superior combination of strength, toughness and stress corrosion cracking resistance compared with 455 or 13-8 stainless. Used in a wide variety of applications including: commercial aerospace, medical, oil fields, racing, automotive, and sporting goods.
L-605
UNS R30605, EN 2.4964; AMS 5759; ASTM F90
Cobalt-base superalloy. It has good formability, high strength up to 1500°F (816°C), and good oxidation resistance up to 2000°F (1093°C). It also has good sulfidation resistance and resistance to wear and galling. Used in applications requiring moderate strength and good oxidation resistance at high temperatures like the hot sections of aircraft, land based gas turbine combustor liners, and industrial furnace applications (muffles/liners in high temperature kilns). Also used in the medical industry for bone drill bits and heart valves.
STAINLESS STEELS
13-8MO
UNS S13800, EN 1.4534; AMS 5629, 2300; ASTM A564; DMS 2100
Precipitation and age-hardenable stainless. It has toughness, good resistance to general stress corrosion cracking, and high strength developed by a single low temperature heat treatment. Used in commercial aircraft components (landing gear and structural sections), valves, shafts, and in the petrochemical and nuclear industries.
15-5PH
UNS S15500, EN 1.4545; AMS 5659, 5862; ASTM A693
Precipitation hardening stainless. It is a chromium-nickel alloy containing a 5% copper additive, allowing it to be hardened by low temperature heat treatments. It has excellent corrosion resistance, transverse toughness, and forgeability. Used in the commercial aircraft industry for instrumentation to landing gear components.
Custom 450®
UNS S45000; AMS 5763, 5773; ASTM A564
Martensitic age-hardenable stainless. It has very good corrosion resistance (similar to 304) with moderate strength (similar to 410). It is easily fabricated, and with single-step aging treatment develops higher strength with good ductility and toughness. Also, it can be machined, hot-worked, and cold-formed in the same manner as other martensitic age-hardenable stainless steels; with an advantage of ease of welding and brazing. Generally supplied in the annealed condition, requiring no heat treatment by the user for many applications. Since it has corrosion resistance like 304, but three times the yield strength, it has been used in applications where 304 was not strong enough. It has also replaced 410 directly, on a strength basis, where 410 was lacking corrosion resistance.
302/304/304L
UNS S30200/S30400/S30403, EN 1.4325/1.4301/1.4306; AMS 5501, 5511, 5513, 5516, 5639, 5647, 5903, 5904, 5905, 5906, 5910, 5911, 5912, 5913, S 7720; ASTM A193, A240, A276, A320, A479, A484, A666; QQS 763; DMS 2050
Stainless steel variations of the 18% chromium – 8% nickel austenitic alloy, the most familiar and frequently used alloy in the stainless family. They may be considered for a wide variety of applications where one or more of the following properties are important: corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, ease of fabrication, excellent formability, beauty of appearance, ease of cleaning, and high strength with low weight. Used widely in equipment and utensils for processing and handling of food, beverages and dairy products. Heat exchangers, piping, tanks, and other process equipment in contact with fresh water also utilize these alloys. Architectural and structural applications exposed to non-marine atmospheres also use these alloys.
303 SEL
UNS S30323; AMS 5640, 5641; ASTM A484, A582
Selenium, added to an 18-8 stainless steel that is ordinarily tough and difficult to machine, makes it so freely machinable that it can readily be handled on automatic screw machines at about 75% of the speed of C1212. Used for parts that are fabricated by machining, grinding and polishing; all types of screw machine products, valves, valve trim, etc. It is not recommended for vessels containing gases or liquids under high pressure.
303 SUL
UNS S30300, EN 1.4305; AMS 5640; ASTM A484, A582
The addition of sulfur to this 18-8 chrome-nickel stainless steel, which is ordinarily tough and difficult to machine, enhances the alloy’s machinability to the degree that it can be readily utilized for producing parts on automatic screw machines at about 70% of the speed of C1212. Used in applications such as shafts, valve bodies, valves, valve trim, and fittings. It is not recommended for vessels containing gases or liquids under high pressures.
321
UNS S32100, EN 1.4541; AMS 5510, 5645; ASTM A240, A276, A479, A480, A484
Contains 18% chromium, 8% nickel, and a large amount of titanium. The titanium forms an insoluble and stable carbide, which ties up all the carbon in the alloy and prevents it from precipitating as chromium carbides. This leaves the chromium in solution to resist corrosion to a very high degree, and is beneficial in high temperatures, as it eliminates the need for re-annealing after fabrication. Also, this stainless is non-heat treatable and non-magnetic in the annealed condition. Used in commercial aircrafts for engine parts, heat exchangers, exhaust stacks, and manifolds.
347
UNS S34700, EN 1.4550; AMS 5512, 5646; ASTM A240, A276, A479, A484
Austenitic stainless. It has excellent resistance to intergranular corrosion, similar to 321, following exposure to temperatures in the chromium carbide precipitation range from 800° to 1500° F. It cannot be hardened through heat treating, but elevated properties may be obtained through cold reduction. Used for high temperature service, because of its good mechanical properties, for commercial aircraft collector rings, engine parts, exhaust manifolds, and chemical production equipment.
416
UNS S41600, EN 1.4005; AMS 5610; ASTM A484, A582
Martensitic grade stainless. It is magnetic, highly machinable, and known for being wear resistant. Plus, it is non-seizing and non-galling properties, resistance to mildly corrosive environments, and reasonable strength in the tempered and hardened state. It is not approved for use in high sulfur environments (NACE MR-01-75, MR-01-03); and can be easily turned, tapped, broached, drilled, reamed, threaded, and milled for various machine manufacturer’s recommendations for various suitable tool speeds, feeds and types. Used for nuts, bolts, screws, gears, pinions, valve parts, shafts, and axles.
418 (Greek Ascoloy)
UNS 41800; AMS 5508, 5616
A hardenable chromium-nickel-tungsten martensitic alloy, designed for use in highly stressed parts at temperatures up to 1200ºF (649ºC). It obtains deep hardening and has superior creep strength, resistance to tempering and stress-corrosion cracking together with the properties of the standard 12% chromium grades of stainless steel. Used in gas turbine components, including compressor parts and high temperature fasteners.
Duplex 2205®
UNS S31803, S32205, EN 1.4462; ASTM A240, A276, A479, A480
Contains about equal portions of ferrite and austenite. The benefits of Duplex are higher heat conductivity and low thermal expansion compared to austenitic stainless steels, high strength, good resistance to sulfide stress corrosion, and high resistance to pitting and crevice to corrosion. Also, it has good weldability and workability, and high energy absorption. The difference in the UNS numbers is that S32205 contains higher nitrogen content for better corrosion resistance. Used for augers, cargo tanks, fasteners, heat exchangers, rotors, shafts, and valve parts.
Nitronic® 30
UNS S20400; ASTM A240, A480, A666
Nitrogen strengthened austenitic stainless, with higher mechanical properties than standard austenitic grades. It provides good aqueous corrosion resistance and resistance to abrasives and metal-to-metal wear. It also has great corrosive wear resistance under many different sliding conditions, with a galling resistance equivalent to 304. Used for coal handling equipment, water supply and control structures, sewage treatment plant structures, mining equipment, conveyor parts, and mixing tanks.
Nitronic® 32
UNS S24100; ASTM A276
Low-nickel austenitic stainless. Provides approximately twice the yield strength, and comparable corrosion resistence as 304. It has high work-hardenability which allows for cold drawing to high strength levels. It has good ductility at these high strengths. Used for skid wire for underground transmission lines, abrasion and corrosion-resistant screens, and high-strength non-magnetic springs, wire forms, racks and cages.
Nitronic® 33
UNS S24000; ASTM A240, A276, A479, A480
Low-nickel, nitrogen strengthened austenitic stainless. It combines a high yield strength and excellent toughness and ductility. Its magnetic permeability remains very low after severe cold working, and at very low temperatures. It also provides good resistance to galling and wear, better than that of 304. Used for aerospace gas turbine engine mounts and retaining rings, gas turbine compressor blades, conduit shielding, MRI support structures, and cryogenic service applications.
Nitronic® 40
UNS S21900, S21904; AMS 5595, 5656; ASTM A276, A479, A666
Nitrogen strengthened austenitic stainless. It has great versatility, and combines high yield strength with good corrosion resistance. Room temperature yield strength is about double of 304, 321 and 347. It has remarkably good elevated temperature properties, plus it retains its high strength and toughness at cryogenic temperatures. Also, it features good high temperature oxidation resistance in air and resists stress corrosion cracking in severe marine environments at ambient temperature. Its austenite is stable enough to remain essentially non-magnetic at cryogenic temperatures or after up to 60% cold work. Used for commercial aircraft components (ducting, bellows systems, clamps, fasteners, flanges), pollution control and chemical processing, cryogenic services, and in the nuclear industry.
Nitronic® 50
UNS S20910; AMS 5764; ASTM A240, A276, A479, A480
High nitrogen, molybdenum bearing austenitic stainless. It provides corrosion resistance superior to 316L and 317L, with nearly double the yield strength at room temperature. It has good mechanical properties at both elevated and sub-zero temperatures. Also, unlike other austenitic stainless steels, it does not become magnetic when cold worked or cooled to sub-zero temperatures. Nitronic® 50 High Strength has a .02% tensile yield strength, exceeds 105 ksi, and is essentially non-magnetic. There is also a Super High Strength (120 ksi minimum yield strength) and Ultra High Strength (140 ksi minimum yield strength). High Strength combines excellent corrosion resistance, low magnetic permeability, and high strength. Used in petroleum, petrochemical, fertilizer, nuclear fuel handling, paper & pulp, food processing and marine applications, as well as medical implants. High Strength can be used in marine environment drive shaft and pump shaft applications, and in the oil and gas market for nonmagnetic drill string components and MWD housings.
Nitronic® 60
UNS S21800; AMS 5848; ASTM A240, A276, A479, A480
Stainless that provides uniform corrosion resistance that exceeds 304 in most media. Chloride pitting resistance is superior to 316, and room temperature yield strength is double that of 304 or 316. It offers excellent high temperature oxidation resistance and low temperature impact resistance. Plus, its cavitation erosion resistance is superior to the austenitic, as well as duplex, stainless steels. Used for valve stems, seats and trim, fastening systems, chain drive systems, pump components (wear rings and lobes), pins, bushings and bearings.
AM 350®
UNS S35000; AMS 5546, 5548; ASTM A693
Chromium-nickel-molybdenum stainless. It can be hardnened by martensitic transformation and/or precipitation hardening. Depending on the heat treatment, it may have an austenitic structure for best formability,or a martensitic structure with strengths comparable to those of martensitic steels. Its corrosion resistance approaches that of the chromium-nickel austenitic stainless steel. Used where high strength is required at room and intermediate temperatures, such as for gas turbine compressor components (blades, discs, rotors, and shafts).
CRONIDUR® 30 / BÖHLER® N360
EN 1.4108; AMS 5898
Pressure-nitrided, highly corrosion-resistant martensitic cold work stainless. It offers excellent toughness and hardness up to 60 HRc. The combination of the PESR (Pressure Electro Slag Remelting) process with forging or rolling technique achieves a high level of cleanliness plus a fine and homogeneous microstructure. It has excellent machinability, polishability, and high dimensional stability after heat treatment. The substitution of nitrogen for carbon in some cases produces a much superior corrosion and wear resistance in comparison with conventionally produced cold work steels. It also has a high tempering resistance up to 500°C. Used for ball bearings, knives, and medical instruments.
SUPER ALLOYS
Nickel 200
UNS N02200, EN 2.4060, 2.4066; ASTM B160, B162
Commercially pure (99.6%) wrought nickel with good mechanical properties and resistance to a wide range of corrosives. It has good thermal, electrical and magnetostrictive properties. Used for processing equipment, mainly to maintain product purity in handling foods, synthetic fibers, and alkalies.
Nickel 201
UNS N02201, EN 2.4061, 2.4068; ASTM B160, B162
Commercially pure (99.6%) wrought nickel, like Nickel 200, but with a lower carbon content to prevent embrittlement by intergranular carbon at temperatures over 600°F (315°C). The lower carbon content reduces hardness, making it particularly suitable for cold-formed items.
Nickel 400
UNS N04400, EN 2.4360, 2.4361; AMS 4544, 4675; ASTM B127, B164
Nickel-Copper Alloy. It exhibits high strength and excellent corrosion resistance in sea water, hydrofluoric acid, sulfuric acid, and alkalies. Used for marine engineering, chemical and hydrocarbon processing equipment, valves, pumps, shafts, fittings, fasteners, and heat exchangers.
Nickel 600
UNS N06600, EN 2.4816; AMS 5540, 5665, 5687; ASTM B166, B168
Nickel-chromium alloy with good oxidation resistance at high temperatures. It also is resistant to chloride-ion stress-corrosion cracking, corrosion by high-purity water, and caustic corrosion. Used for furnace components, chemical and food processing, and nuclear engineering.
Nickel 601
UNS N06601, EN 2.4851; AMS 5715, 5870; ASTM B166, B168
Nickel-chromium alloy, with the addition of aluminum, which provides outstanding resistance to oxidation and other forms of high-temperature corrosion. It also has high mechanical properties at high temperatures. Used for industrial furnaces, heat-treating equipment (baskets, muffles, and retorts), process equipment, and gas-turbine components.
Nickel 617
UNS N06617, EN 2.4663; AMS 5887, 5888, 5889; ASTM B166, B168
Nickel-chromium-cobalt-molybdenum alloy. It provides a great combination of stability, strength, and oxidation resistance at high temperatures. Its resistance to oxidation is enhanced by adding aluminum. It also resists many corrosive aqueous environments. Used in gas turbines, petrochemical processing, heat-treating equipment, and nitric acid production.
Nickel 625
UNS N06625, EN 2.4856; AMS 5599, 5666, 5869; ASTM B443, B446
Nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloy. With the addition of niobium that acts with the molybdenum, is able to stiffen the alloy’s matrix and provide high strength without a strengthening heat treatment. It resists many extremely corrosive environments and is resistant to pitting and crevice corrosion. Used in chemical processing, commercial aerospace and marine engineering, pollution-control equipment, and nuclear reactors.
Nickel 718
UNS N07718, EN 2.4668; AMS 5596, 5597, 5662, 5663, 5664, 5832, 5914, 5950, 5962; ASTM B637, B670
Precipitation-hardenable nickel-chromium alloy with significant amounts of iron, niobium, and molybdenum, and lesser amounts of aluminum and titanium. It combines corrosion resistance and high strength with great weldability with a resistance to postweld cracking. Exhibits excellent creep-rupture strength at temperatures up to 1300°F (700°C). Used in gas turbines, commercial aircraft engines, nuclear reactors, pumps, and tooling. 718SPF™ is a special version of 718 that is designed for superplastic forming.
Nickel 722
UNS N07722; AMS 5541, 5714
Nickel-chromium alloy strengthened by the addition titanium and aluminum, and is age-hardenable by heat treatment. It is useful where oxidation resistance and high temperature strength are of major importance. It remains effective at extremely high temperatures and can withstand the stress caused by many types of acids. Used for gas turbine structural components.
Nickel X-750
UNS N07750, EN 2.4669; AMS 5542, 5598, 5667-5671, 5747; ASTM B637
Nickel-chromium alloy similar to 600, but made precipitation-hardenable by the addition of aluminum and titanium. It has good resistance to corrosion and oxidation, along with high tensile and creep-rupture properties at temperatures up to 1300°F (700°C). Also, it features great relaxation resistance which is useful for high-temperature springs and bolts. Used in gas turbines, nuclear reactors, pressure vessels, tooling, and commercial aircraft structures.
Nickel 800
UNS N08800, EN 1.4876; AMS 5766, 5871; ASTM A240, A480, B408, B409
Nickel-chromium alloy. It provides good strength and excellent resistance to oxidation and carburization in high-temperature atmospheres. During long periods of exposure to high temperatures, it maintains a stable, austenitic structure. It also resists corrosion in many aqueous environments. Used for process piping, heat exchangers, carburizing equipment, and nuclear steam-generator tubing.
Nickel 800H / 800HT
UNS N08810, N08811, EN 1.4958, 1.4959; ASTM A240, A480, B408, B409
Nickel-iron-chromium alloys having the same basic composition as alloy 800, but with higher creep-rupture strength. The higher strength is from close control of the carbon, aluminum, and titanium in the material, along with a high-temperature anneal. Used in chemical and petrochemical processing, power plants for super-heater and re-heater tubing, industrial furnaces, and for heat-treating equipment.
Nickel 825
UNS N08825, 2.4858; ASTM B424, ASTM B425
Nickel-iron-chromium alloy, with molybdenum and copper. It has excellent resistance to reducing and oxidizing acids, stress-corrosion cracking, and pitting and crevice corrosion. It is very resistant to sulfuric and phosphoric acids. Used for chemical processing, pollution-control equipment, oil and gas well piping, nuclear fuel reprocessing, acid production, and pickling equipment.
A-286
UNS S66286, EN 1.4980; AMS 5525, 5726, 5731, 5732, 5734, 5737, 5858, 5895; ASTM A638
Precipitation hardenable for high mechanical properties. It has good fabrication characteristics, strength and oxidation resistance at temperatures up to about 1300°F (700°C). Used for components of commercial aircraft and gas turbines (blades, vanes, shafts, springs, fasteners, afterburners, and tail cones).
C-276
UNS N10276, EN 2.4819; AMS 5750; ASTM B462, B574, B575
Nickel-molybdenum-chromium alloy with the addition of tungsten. It has great corrosion resistance in many extreme environments. High molybdenum content makes C-276 very resistant to pitting and crevice corrosion. Low carbon content minimizes carbide precipitation during welding which maintains corrosion resistance in as-welded structures. Used in pollution control, chemical processing, pulp and paper production, and waste treatment.
Hastelloy® X
UNS N06002, EN 2.4665; AMS 5536, 5754; ASTM B435
Nickel-chromium-iron-molybdenum alloy. It has great strength and oxidation resistance at temperatures up to 2200°F (1200°C). Matrix stiffening by molybdenum allows for high strength in a solid-solution alloy having good fabrication characteristics. Used in gas turbines, industrial furnaces, heat-treating equipment, and nuclear engineering.
Haynes® 188
UNS R30188; AMS 5608, 5772
Cobalt-based alloy which has excellent high temperature strength and oxidation resistance up to 2100°F (1150°C), plus good post-aging ductility. It meets the critical high-temperature material requirements for gas turbine applications, as well as many of those in the airframe, chemical and nuclear fields. Used in transition ducts, combustor cans, spray bars, flame-holders and afterburner liners in jet engines.
Haynes® 230
UNS N06230, EN 2.4733; AMS 5878, 5891; ASTM B435, B572
Nickel-chromium-tungsten-molybdenum alloy that combines excellent high temperature strength, resistance to oxidizing environments up to 2100°F (1149°C) for prolonged exposures, resistance to nitriding environments, excellent long-term thermal stability. It is readily fabricated and formed, and is castable. It also has lower thermal expansion characteristics than most high-temperature alloys, and a pronounced resistance to grain coarsening with long periods of exposure to high-temperatures. Used for components in the commercial aerospace and power industries (combustion cans, transition ducts, flameholders, thermocouple sheaths, and other important gas turbine components). It can also be used in the chemical process and industrial heating industry.
Haynes® 263
UNS N07263, EN 2.4650; AMS 5872
Age-hardenable Nickel/Cobalt/Chromium/Molybdenum alloy. It provides very good aged strength properties, with excellent fabrication characteristics when annealed. Used for applications up to 1650°F (900°C), and is typically supplied in the annealed condition, and then aged by the buyer as part of the fabrication process.
K-500
UNS N05500, EN 2.4375; AMS 4676; ASTM B865
Precipitation-hardenable nickel-copper alloy combining the corrosion resistance of Alloy 400 with greater strength and hardness. It has low permeability and is nonmagnetic to temperatures as low as -150°F (-101°C). Used for pump shafts, oil-well tools and instruments, doctor blades and scrapers, springs, valve trim, fasteners, and marine propeller shafts.
MP 35N
UNS R30035; AMS 5844
A nonmagnetic, nickel-cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy combining ultrahigh tensile strength (up to 300 ksi [2068 MPa]), good ductility and toughness, and excellent corrosion resistance. Plus, it displays excellent resistance to sulfidation, high temperature oxidation, and hydrogen embrittlement. Used in fasteners, springs, nonmagnetic electrical components and instrument parts in medical, seawater, oil and gas well, and chemical and food processing environments.
MP 159
UNS R30159; AMS 5842
A nickel-cobalt based alloy with ultra high strength, toughness, good ductility, and excellent corrosion resistance. Through work strengthening and aging, it exhibits ultimate tensile strength levels in excess of 1830 MPa. Used in prosthetic devices, commercial jet engine components, fasteners, marine applications, and petroleum industry applications.
Waspaloy
UNS N07001, EN 2.4654; AMS 5544, 5704, 5706-5709, 5828; ASTM B637
Nickel-base, age-hardenable superalloy. It has excellent high-temperature strength and good resistance to corrosion, mainly to oxidation. It is used for aerospace and gas turbine engine components at service temperatures up to 1200°F (650°C) for critical rotating applications; and up to 1600°F (870°C) for other, less demanding, applications. Used for engine hardware and commercial aircraft assemblies (such as compressor and rotor discs, shafts, spacers, seals, rings and casings, and fasteners).
LOW ALLOY STEELS
E-4130
UNS G41300, EN 1.7218; AMS 2301, 2304, 6346, 6348, 6350, 6351, 6356, 6370; ASTM A29, A322, A331, A434, A506, A507, A829
An electric-furnace, through-hardening, chromium-molybdenum alloy. It has excellent weldability, formability, and temperate hardenability. Normalizing without liquid quenching increases its strength sufficiently for most uses; however, it may be heat treated for greater strength. It also may be nitrited for maximum wear and abrasion resistance. Used where extremely high strength and hardness are required from relatively thin sections. It finds major use in applications requiring welding, and is mainly used in the commercial aircraft industry.
E-4330
UNS G43300, EN 1.6528; AMS 2300, 6411, 6427; ASTM A29
A heat treatable steel alloy. Its carbon content is in the 0.30% range and in the heat treated condition, it has good toughness and fatigue strength as well as good strength. Used in applications that require a good combination of strength and impact resistance, such as gears, landing gear, axles, and shafts for power transmission.
E-4340
UNS G43400, EN 1.6565; AMS 2300, 2301, 2304, 2310, 6409, 6414, 6415, 6454, 6484; ASTM A29, A322, A331, A434, A506, A829
A highly alloyed, electric-furnace processed; vacuum degassed grade. It possesses a deep and uniform hardness when heat-treated, particularly when oil quenched; plus it has great ductility and toughness and very high fatigue strength. It also maintains its great strength and hardness while functioning under extremely elevated temperatures. Used in highly stressed parts that must operate under severe conditions in the commercial aircraft industry.
300M
UNS K44220; AMS 6417, 6419, 6257, 2300; BMS 7-26; DMS 1935; CE 0896; GM 1012
A low alloy, vacuum melted, steel of very high strength. It is a modified E-4340 steel with silicon, vanadium, and slightly greater carbon and molybdenum content. It has a very good combination of strength, toughness, fatigue strength, and good ductility. Used in landing gear, high strength bolts, and airframe parts.
E-9310
UNS G93106, EN 1.6657; AMS 2300, 2301, 2304, 6260, 6265, 6267; ASTM A29, A322, A331, A434
A vacuum degassed, carburizing steel containing with high hardenability and fatigue resistance, and high core strength and hardness. It also offers excellent ductility and toughness, and may be used without carburizing, but most applications call for use in the carburized state, which increases its wear and abrasion resistance to a high degree. Used principally in the carburized state where extreme core hardness is required in combination with a minimal hardness range, it is good for heavy sectioned components.
ALUMINUM
Al 6061
UNS A96061, EN 3.3211; AMS 4025, 4026, 4027, 4115, 4116, 4117, 4128, 4150, 4173, QQA 200/8, QQA 225/8, QQA 250/11; ASTM B209, B211, B221
Combines relatively high strength, good workability, and high resistance to corrosion. It has great joining characteristics. Used for such applications as: commercial aircraft fittings, electrical fittings and connectors, brake pistons, hydraulic pistons, appliance fittings, valves and valve parts.
Al 7075
UNS A97075, EN 3.4365; AMS 4044, 4045, 4078, 4122, 4123, 4124, 4154, 4169, 4186, 4277, QQA 200/11, QQA 225/9, QQA 250/12; ASTM B209, B211, B221
One of the highest strength aluminum alloys. Its strength-to-weight ratio is excellent, and it is mainly used for highly stressed parts. It is also tough for an aluminum alloy and has excellent properties at low temperatures. Used for highly stressed structural parts, including: commercial aircraft fittings, gears and shafts, fuse parts, regulating valve parts, and other commercial aircraft components.
SPECIALTY ALLOYS
Invar 36
UNS K93600, K93601, K93603, EN 1.3912; ASTM B753, F1684
Nickel steel alloy. It has unique low rates of thermal expansion, up to 500°F, and is readily weldable. Used for cryogenic components, laser components, and tooling and dies for composite forming.
Kovar
UNS K94610; ASTM F15
Vacuum melted, iron-nickel-cobalt, low expansion alloy. Its chemical composition is controlled within narrow limits to assure precise uniform thermal expansion properties.
HyMu 80
UNS N14080; ASTM A753
80% nickel-iron-molybdenum alloy. It has extremely high initial permeability and maximum permeability, with minimum hysteresis loss. Used mainly in transformer cores, tape wound toroids, and laminations where compactness and weight factors are important, but also be used for shielding to protect electrical components from stray magnetic fields.